Plant-derived compounds and endophytic fungi are eco-friendly alternatives for controlling phytopathogenic fungi.This study aimed to identify bioactive compounds in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed oil and the endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum, and evaluate antifungal activity against Fusarium solani, the causal agent of vascular wilt in peanut plants under in vitro conditions.same oil and fungal extracts were chemically analyzed to determine bioactive constituents, and antifungal activity was evaluated against Fusarium solani using four concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 mL L⁻¹). Chemical analysis revealed the presence of 10 compounds in sesame seed oil, with iridomyrmecin (21.79%) as the major component, followed by oleic acid (16.67%), palmitic acid (14.53%), and sesamin (8.99%). Similarly, 10 compounds were identified in the Chaetomium globosum extract, with thymol (8.13%) as the dominant compound, along with linolenic acid (4.74%) and hesperetin (3.58%). As for the antifungal activity, the results showed that the sesame oil extract at concentrations of 5 and 7.5 ml/L exhibited strong inhibitory activity against the growth of the pathogenic fungus, with a percentage of 100%. The concentration of 2.5 ml/L showed an inhibitory capacity of 44.44% compared to the control treatment, where the inhibition percentage was 0%. The results showed that the endophytic fungus extract at a concentration of 7.5 ml/L exhibited strong inhibitory activity against the growth of the pathogenic fungus, with a percentage of 100%. The concentrations of 2.5 and 5 ml/L recorded inhibitory capacities of 77.77% and 83.33% respectively, compared to the control treatment, where the inhibition percentage was 0%. These results indicate the high efficiency of sesame seed oil extract at concentrations (5, 7.5) ml L⁻¹, and the endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum extract at a concentration of (7.5) ml L⁻¹, in demonstrating their antifungal effectiveness, confirming the possibility of utilizing them as promising natural sources in combating pathogenic fungi.
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