Proceedings of International Conference on Applied Innovation in IT · 2026/06/12 · Vol. 14 · Issue 4 · pp. 685–692
Comparative and Antibactrial Studies of Biosynthesis Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles with and without Sodium Hydroxide as Precipitation Agent
Zena Tariq Ibrahim, Abdulqadier Hussien Al Khazraji, Abbas Yaseen Hasan, Nazar Mumtaz Muhamedtaher, Firas Nadhim Hasan, Azd Falih Hasan and Sabrina Ladjama
This study presents a simple, rapid, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Cordia myxa leaf extract as both the reducing and stabilizing agent. Silver nitrate was used as the precursor, and the synthesis was carried out at room temperature (25 °C) through two routes, with and without sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as a precipitation agent. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). UV–Vis analysis confirmed the formation of AgNPs with characteristic surface plasmon resonance peaks at 420 nm and 441 nm for samples synthesized with and without NaOH, respectively. XRD analysis revealed the formation of face-centered cubic crystalline silver with average crystallite sizes of 17.58 nm and 18.75 nm for samples prepared with and without NaOH, respectively. FE-SEM images showed predominantly spherical nanoparticles with average particle sizes of approximately 143 nm and 99 nm, indicating greater aggregation in the presence of NaOH. EDS analysis confirmed the formation of silver nanoparticles with a higher silver content for the sample synthesized with NaOH (93%) than for the sample prepared without NaOH (67%). These results demonstrate that the addition of NaOH influences the morphology, aggregation behavior, and elemental purity of the synthesized AgNPs while preserving their crystalline structure.
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